What defines legitimate power in an organization?

Legitimate power in an organization is fundamentally defined by the authority that comes from an individual’s role or position within the organizational hierarchy. This type of power is typically recognized and accepted by others in the organization, based on established roles and responsibilities. For instance, a manager has legitimate power over their team simply because they hold a managerial position; employees recognize their authority to make decisions and give directions as part of that role.

This power is often gained through formal appointments, promotions, or organizational structures, enabling individuals to exercise influence and command respect in their positions. It operates under the premise that the structure of the organization confers authority and responsibility to individuals in specific roles, which legitimizes their ability to direct others.

Expertise or personal relationships, while important forms of influence, do not constitute legitimate power as they do not stem from formal recognition or approval granted by the organization. Similarly, while experience and seniority may elevate an individual’s influence, they do not inherently provide the formal authority tied to legitimate power.