What does the Attraction-Selection-Attrition (A-S-A) theory describe?

The Attraction-Selection-Attrition (A-S-A) theory fundamentally describes the relationship between individuals and organizational fit, making it a significant concept in understanding how organizations cultivate their workforce. The theory posits that individuals are attracted to organizations that match their personal characteristics, values, and beliefs. In the selection phase, organizations tend to choose candidates whose attributes align with the existing culture and values, further reinforcing this fit. Finally, attrition refers to the idea that individuals who do not fit well with the organization’s culture are more likely to leave, thus ensuring that the overall composition of the workforce remains aligned with the desired organizational identity.

This theory highlights the importance of a congruent relationship between the individual and the organization, emphasizing how this fit influences recruitment, retention, and overall workplace dynamics. It provides a framework for understanding how organizations can maintain a cohesive culture and underscores the significance of both individual characteristics and organizational environment in shaping workplace success.

Other choices delve into different aspects of business practices, such as training and development, diversity dynamics, and measures of performance, but they do not specifically address how the fit between individuals and organizations is created and sustained over time as A-S-A theory does.