What is measured by the emotional quotient (EQ)?

The emotional quotient (EQ) specifically measures the level of a person's emotional intelligence, which refers to their ability to identify, understand, manage, and utilize emotions effectively in themselves and in their interactions with others. High emotional intelligence allows individuals to navigate social complexities, communicate well, empathize with others, and handle interpersonal relationships judiciously and empathetically.

Emotional intelligence encompasses skills such as emotional regulation, empathy, social skills, and self-awareness, all of which contribute to an individual's ability to relate to others and respond to emotional cues. This contrasts sharply with the other options, which do not address the emotional and interpersonal skills that EQ evaluates. Proficiency in technical skills measures a different set of competencies, while the ability to influence others can be a byproduct of high emotional intelligence, it is not what EQ directly measures. Similarly, understanding market trends is related to analytical and strategic skills rather than emotional awareness or interpersonal communication. Thus, option B accurately reflects the core concept of emotional intelligence as evaluated by the emotional quotient.